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 In the article, "A Call for National Service", E.J. Dionne Jr. contends that current generations of Americans have begun to take our freedom and rights for granted. He goes on to argue that citizens have conveniently forgotten an important pledge in the constitution that we have a responsibility to serve one another in order to continually deserve the aforementioned constitutional freedoms. He effectively builds his argument by logically proving there is a burgeoning problem, citing authority figures, and subtly appealing to the readers hope for a better future.

 

Dionne begins his article with an appeal to logos through carefully defining a growing disconnect in our interpretation of the constitution. Citizens seem to quickly recall their "rights", but not their "obligations". He craftily dissects words such as "we" to show that it is now interpreted as "us versus them". He highlights this in order to prove that the true meaning of the constitution has been lost over the several hundred years it has been in existence. He then juxtaposes the modern day conflicts of "class, race, background, … politics, and ideology" to the topic at hand, which effectively provides a clear benchmark for comparison so that the reader can assign severity and urgency to his ideas.

 

   Dionne's argument really begins to take form when he links the problem to a potential solution – a recent initiative called the "Franklin Project" that strives to encourage young adults to participate in service to better the country. The significance of this effort is not solely in the initiative itself, but the pathos he appeals to when he introduces authoritative figures who champion voluntary service. Referencing General McChrystal (accomplisehed military leader), John Bridgeland (highly influential politician), and Alan Kazei (successful non-profit activist) as a "non-ideological" trio who actively advocate similar initiatives implies that there is a movement of sorts that is gaining momentum. These words lead the reader to assume that these high-profile individuals would not spend their time on these initiatives unless there was a serious problem (mentioned above) that needed to be solved. Dionne furthers this line of reasoning by stating that "we owe an enormous debt to those who have done tour after tour in Iraq and Afghanistan", implying that ordinary citizens are not actively earning their rights and freedom. 

 

     Finally, Gionne makes an emotional appeal to the reader through describing universal service as "transformative" for societal progress. He quotes McChrystal's idea that "unpaid volunteerism...limits the people who can do it", indicating our current model and way of thinking is flawed. Instead, he calls for the need to adopt “paid volunteerism", increase participation, and "change the way we think about ourselves". This series of statements draw out ponderance from the reader that our current volunteer system may be broken. He extends this logic chain by positing that paying volunteers "could open new avenues for societal mobility", further implying that we are currently doing an economic disservice to the underprivileged who cannot afford to partake in charity work. This stark dichotomy presented between the have and have-nots subtly imparts a label of selfishness to any reader who does not support assistance of economically challenged Americans in order to bring more equality, thus slyly guilting the reader to align with his perspective.

 

     In summary, in response to many Americans today neglecting to acknowledge the line in our Declaration of Independence describing our responsibilities to each other as fellow citizens, Gionne argues that our unalienable rights should be earned. He builds this claim through use of appealing to logos, then ethos, and finally to pathos.

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